Yendani mu sitolo iliyonse ya zovala padziko lapansi.
Sindikusamala ngati muli ku Istanbul, Dhaka, São Paulo, kapena tawuni yaying'ono ku Nebraska. Yang'anani mozungulira. Werengani zinthu zingati
m'sitolo imeneyo muli thonje
Nambalayo idzakudabwitsani.
Thonje si ulusi wachilengedwe wodziwika kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Umalamulira m'njira yoti palibe china chilichonse m'dziko muno.
dziko la nsalu limatero. Tikulankhula za chomera—mbewu—chomwe mwanjira ina chinakhala maziko a makampani apadziko lonse lapansi ofunika
madola mabiliyoni mazana ambiri.
Kodi zimenezo zinachitika bwanji?
Sizinali ngozi. Ndipo sizinali mwadzidzidzi.
Chifukwa Chosavuta Chomwe Chopambana Chopangidwa ndi Thonje
Ndiyambe ndi zinthu zoonekeratu.
Thonje ndi lofewa. Limapuma. Limayamwa chinyezi. Silikukupangitsani kuyabwa monga momwe ubweya umachitira, ndipo silimasunga kutentha monga momwe zinthu zopangira zinthu zakale zinkachitira.
Koma chitonthozo chokha sichikutanthauza kuti dziko lonse lapansi lidzatenga ulamuliro.
Chifukwa chenicheni chomwe thonje linapambanira?
Unali ulusi woyamba womwe ukanatha kupangidwa mochuluka, kukonzedwa mochuluka, ndi kudyedwa mochuluka pamlingo waukulu.
Taganizirani izi. Asanayambe kusintha kwa mafakitale, zovala zambiri zinkapangidwa ndi ulusi uliwonse womwe unkapezeka m'deralo—ubweya m'malo ozizira, nsalu za bafuta m'madera ena a ku Ulaya, silika ku China, ndi hemp m'malo ambiri. Koma palibe chilichonse mwa zimenezo chomwe chinkatha kukula ngati thonje.
Nayi zomwe thonje linali nazo zomwe palibe china chilichonse chomwe chinali nazo:
Inakula m'madera osiyanasiyana (osati m'chigawo chimodzi chokha)
Gini wa thonje wa Eli Whitney (1793) unapangitsa kuti ntchito yokonza ikhale yachangu komanso yotsika mtengo
Kupangidwa kwa nsalu yamagetsi kunapangitsa kuti kuiluka ikhale nsalu mwachangu kwambiri
Inapakidwa utoto bwino. Inasamba bwino. Inakhala nthawi yayitali.
Pofika pakati pa zaka za m'ma 1800, thonje linali litayamba kale kukhala ulusi wodziwika bwino padziko lonse lapansi. Ndipo zimenezi zinali makina oluka amakono asanayambe kugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Mfumu Yopangidwa ndi Thonje ya Makina Yakale
Apa ndi pomwe zikugwirizana ndi zomwe timachitadi.
Pamene makina oluka ozungulira anayamba kuonekera kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1900, thonje linali kale chisankho chodziwikiratu.
Chifukwa chiyani? Chifukwa ulusi wa thonje unali:
1. Ikupezeka kulikonse — unyolo wogulira zinthu unalipo kale
2. Kusasinthasintha — kuluka makina kumafuna ulusi wofanana, ndipo opanga thonje anali atazindikira zimenezo
3. Yogwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyanasiyana — imagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri pa jersey imodzi komanso makina olumikizirana
4. Yotsika mtengo — sikelo inachepetsa mtengo
Themakina ozunguliraKoma sizinapangitse thonje kukhala lotchuka.
Makina abwino ozungulira opangidwa ndi thonje amatha kupanga nsalu pa liwiro lomwe silikanaganiziridwa zaka zana zapitazo. Ndipo pamene dziko lapansi linkafuna malaya ambiri—otsika mtengo, achangu, abwino—thonje ndilo linali ulusi umene unapangitsa kuti izi zitheke.
Kenako Anthu Anayamba Kufunsa Mafunso
Taonani, thonje silabwino kwenikweni.
Zaka makumi awiri zapitazi zabweretsa mafunso ovuta:
Madzi. Ulimi wa thonje umagwiritsa ntchito kwambiri. M'malo omwe madzi ndi osowa, vuto lalikulu ndi limenelo.
Mankhwala. Ulimi wamba wa thonje umagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizilombo ndi feteleza. Ziwerengero zake sizokongola kwenikweni.
Malo. Thonje limatenga malo ambiri olima.
Apa ndi pomwe zinthu zimakhala zosangalatsa kwambiri kuposa mkangano wamba wakuti “thonje ndi labwino, zopangidwa ndi zinthu zopanga ndi zoipa”.
Yankho la makampani lakhala lenileni:
Thonje lachilengedwe lasanduka gawo lalikulu pamsika. Njira zabwino zaulimi (kuthirira ndi madzi otuluka, kuyang'anira tizilombo tomwe timagwiritsa ntchito pamodzi) zachepetsa. Ndipo kumbali ya makina, makina amakono oluka apangidwa kuti azigwira ntchito bwino ndi thonje—zopanda zinyalala, zokolola zambiri, liwiro lalikulu lomwe limachepetsa mtengo wokwera wa thonje labwino.
Nsalu yabwino kwambiri ya thonje padziko lonse lapansi imakula, kupota, ndi kuluka ndi anthu omwe amadziwa zomwe akuchita.
Vuto Lenileni: Thonje Lero
Nayi mfundo yoona yomwe "malonda ambiri" sangakuuzeni:
Thonje tsopano likupikisana ndi zinthu zambiri zopangidwa zomwe sizinalipo zaka 60 zapitazo. Polyester, nayiloni, elastane—ulusi uwu watenga gawo lalikulu pamsika, makamaka pa zovala zogwira ntchito komanso mafashoni achangu.
Koma thonje likulimba. Ndipo m'magawo ena, likukula.
Chifukwa chiyani?
Chifukwa ogula, makamaka achinyamata, akuyamba kusamala ndi zomwe zovala zawo zimapangidwa. Osati mwanjira yodzionetsera—amangofuna nsalu yomwe imamveka bwino komanso yosasweka ikatha kutsukidwa katatu.
Thonje limapereka zimenezo.
Ndipo msika wayamba kukhala wanzeru kwambiri. Nsalu zosakanikirana—thonje-poliyesitala, thonje-elastane, thonje-modal—zimakupatsani zabwino kwambiri. Kumveka bwino komanso kupumira kwa thonje ndi kulimba kwa zinthu zopangidwa.
Makina amakono oluka amatha kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zosakanizazi ngati maloto. Kodi makina abwino olumikizirana okhala ndi ulusi woyenera? Mutha kupanga nsalu yosakanikirana yapamwamba yomwe imamveka yokwera mtengo, yovala bwino, komanso yovomerezeka pamtengo wake.
Izi Ndi Zofunika Ngati Mukupanga Nsalu
Ndifika molunjika pa mfundo.
Ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito fakitale yopangira nsalu—kapena mukukonzekera kuyambitsa imodzi—thonje ndiye njira yabwino kwambiri yopezera ndalama. Osati chifukwa ndi yotsika mtengo kwambiri (sichoncho). Osati chifukwa ndi yosavuta (zopangira n'zosavuta). Koma chifukwa:
Kufunika kwa thonje kuli kokhazikika — kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa thonje kwakhala kukukulirakulira zaka khumi zilizonse kwa zaka zoposa zana limodzi
Zomangamanga zilipo — ogulitsa ulusi wa thonje, opaka utoto, ndi omalizira — unyolo wonse ndi wokhwima
Makinawa atsimikiziridwa — makina ozungulira ndi olumikizana omwe amagwiritsa ntchito thonje ndi omwe amamveka bwino kwambiri.
kukhazikitsa mumakampani
Ku Morton, timapanga makina omwe amakonzedwa bwino kuti agwirizane ndi zenizenizi. Makina athu ozungulira amagwira ntchito ndi thonje.
jeresi imodzi pa liwiro lalikulu komanso nthawi yochepa yogwira ntchito. Makina athu olumikizirana amapanga thonje lapamwamba komanso thonje losakanikirana bwino
nsalu zomwe zimapikisana pamsika wapamwamba kwambiri.
Takhala tikuchita izi kwa nthawi yayitali kuti tidziwe zomwe zikugwira ntchito.
Thonje silinakhale ulusi wokondedwa kwambiri padziko lonse mwangozi.
Zinapeza phindu lake. Kudzera mu kuphatikiza kwa ubwino wachilengedwe, luso la mafakitale, komanso mfundo yosavuta yakuti zimapangitsa anthu kumva bwino akavala.
Ndipo ngati mukuchita bizinesi yopanga nsalu ya thonje?
Makina omwe mumasankha amapindulitsabe kwambiri.
MORTON — Mayankho Opangira Kuluka Kwapamwamba