Ngena kunoma yisiphi isitolo sezingubo emhlabeni.
Angikhathali ukuthi use-Istanbul, eDhaka, eSão Paulo, noma edolobheni elincane eNebraska. Bheka nxazonke. Bala ukuthi zingaki izinto
kuleso sitolo kukhona ukotini ngaphakathi
Inombolo izokumangaza.
Ukotini akuyona nje i-fiber yemvelo ethandwa kakhulu emhlabeni. Ubusa ngendlela ecishe ingabi khona enye into emhlabeni.
umhlaba wezindwangu uyakwenza lokho. Sikhuluma ngesitshalo—isitshalo—esaba umgogodla wemboni yomhlaba wonke ebiza
amakhulu ezigidigidi zamaRandi.
Kwenzeka kanjani lokho?
Kwakungeyona ingozi. Futhi ngokuqinisekile kwakungeyona into eyenzeka ngobusuku obubodwa.
Isizathu Esilula Sokuwina Kotini
Ake ngiqale ngezinto ezisobala.
Ukotini ukhululekile. Uyaphefumula. Umunca umswakama. Awukwenzi ulume ngendlela uboya obuluma ngayo, futhi awubambeli ukushisa ngendlela izinto zokwenziwa zakuqala ezazibamba ngayo.
Kodwa induduzo iyodwa ayichazi ukuthi kuzoba nokuthathwa komhlaba wonke.
Isizathu sangempela sokuwina kukakotini?
Kwakuyi-fiber yokuqala eyayingakhiqizwa ngobuningi, icutshungulwe ngobuningi, futhi idliwe ngobuningi ngezinga.
Cabanga ngakho. Ngaphambi kweNguquko Yezimboni, izingubo eziningi zazenziwe nganoma iyiphi i-fiber eyayitholakala endaweni—uboya ezindaweni ezibandayo, ilineni ezingxenyeni ezithile zaseYurophu, usilika eShayina, i-hemp ezindaweni eziningi. Kodwa akukho neyodwa yalezo eyayingakhula ngendlela ukotini owawukhula ngayo.
Nakhu okwakukhona ukotini okwakungelutho olunye:
Yakhula ezindaweni eziningi zezulu (hhayi esifundeni esisodwa kuphela)
I-gin kakotini ka-Eli Whitney (1793) yenza ukucubungula kube lula futhi kushibhile
Ukusungulwa kwe-power loom kwenza ukuluka kube yindwangu kusheshe nakakhulu
Yadaya kahle. Yageza kahle. Yahlala isikhathi eside.
Maphakathi nawo-1800, ukotini wawusuvele usendleleni eya ekubeni yindwangu evelele emhlabeni. Futhi lokho kwakungaphambi kokuba kube nemishini yokuluka yesimanje.
Inkosi Kakotini Eyenziwe Ngomshini Yesikhathi Esidlule
Nakhu lapho kuhlobana khona nalokho esikwenzayo ngempela.
Lapho imishini yokuluka eyindilinga iqala ukuvela ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, ukotini wawusuvele uyisinqumo esisobala.
Kungani? Ngoba intambo yekotini yayiyi:
1. Kutholakala yonke indawo — uchungechunge lokunikezela seluvele lukhona
2. Okungaguquguquki — ukuluka ngomshini kudinga intambo efanayo, futhi imishini yokotini yayikutholile lokho
3. Isebenziseka ngezindlela eziningi — yayisebenza kahle kokubili emishinini yejezi eyodwa kanye neyokukhiya
4. Okungabizi kakhulu — isikali sigcine intengo yehla
Iumshini ojikelezayoakwenzanga ukotini wathandwa. Kodwa kwenza ukotini wahluleka ukunqotshwa.
Ijezi elilodwa likakotini elihle eliyindilinga lingakhiqiza indwangu ngesivinini esasingeke sicatshangelwe eminyakeni eyikhulu edlule. Futhi lapho umhlaba ufuna ama-T-shirt engeziwe—ashibhile, asheshayo, angcono—ukotini kwakuyi-fiber eyakwenza kwaba nokwenzeka.
Abantu Base Beqala Ukubuza Imibuzo
Bheka, ukotini awuphelele.
Iminyaka engamashumi amabili edlule ilethe imibuzo enzima:
Amanzi. Ukulima ukotini kusebenzisa kakhulu. Ezindaweni lapho amanzi entuleka khona, lokho kuyinkinga yangempela.
Amakhemikhali. Ukulima ukotini okuvamile kusebenzisa izibulala-zinambuzane kanye nomanyolo. Izinombolo azinhle.
Umhlaba. Ukotini uthatha indawo enkulu yezolimo.
Yilapho izinto ziba mnandi khona kunempikiswano evamile yokuthi “ukotini muhle, izinto zokwenziwa zimbi”.
Impendulo yemboni ibe ngokoqobo:
Ukotini wemvelo usuke ekubeni yindawo ebalulekile wabe usuba yingxenye enkulu yemakethe. Imikhuba engcono yokulima (ukunisela ngamaconsi, ukuphathwa kwezinambuzane okuhlanganisiwe) kuye kwenza umonakalo. Futhi ohlangothini lwemishini, imishini yokuthunga yesimanje yenzelwe ukuphatha ukotini ngendlela ephumelela kakhulu—ukungcola okuncane, isivuno esingcono, isivinini esiphezulu esinciphisa izindleko eziphezulu zokotini wekhwalithi engcono.
Indwangu kakotini engcono kakhulu emhlabeni isakhuliswa, iphothwe, futhi ilukwe ngabantu abaziyo ukuthi benzani.
Inselele Yangempela: Ukotini Namuhla
Nansi iqiniso eliyiqiniso elingeke likutshelwe “ukumaketha kokuqukethwe” okuningi:
Ukotini manje uncintisana nozamcolo wezinto zokwenziwa ezazingekho eminyakeni engama-60 edlule. I-polyester, inayiloni, i-elastane—lezi zindwangu sezithathe isabelo esikhulu emakethe, ikakhulukazi ezigqokeni ezisebenzayo kanye nemfashini esheshayo.
Kodwa ukotini uyabamba umhlabathi. Futhi kwezinye izingxenye, uyakhula.
Kungani?
Ngoba abathengi, ikakhulukazi abasebasha, sebeqala ukukhathalela ukuthi izingubo zabo zenziwe ngani. Hhayi ngendlela yokuzikhukhumeza—bafuna nje indwangu ezwakala kahle futhi engaphuki ngemva kokuwashwa kathathu.
Ukotini uyakwenza lokho.
Futhi imakethe isihlakaniphe kakhulu. Izindwangu ezihlanganisiwe—ukotini-i-polyester, ukotini-elastane, ukotini-modal—zikunikeza okuhle kakhulu kuzo zombili lezi zindawo. Ukuzwakala kanye nokuphefumula kwekotini kanye nokuqina nokuqina kwezinto zokwenziwa.
Imishini yokuthunga yesimanje iphatha lezi zingxube njengephupho. Umshini omuhle wokukhiya onesilungiselelo esifanele sentambo? Ungakha indwangu ehlanganisiwe yekhwalithi ephezulu ezwakala ibiza kakhulu, igqokwa kahle, futhi empeleni ivumelane nentengo.
Lokhu Kubalulekile Uma Wenza Indwangu
Ngizoqonda ngqo ephuzwini.
Uma usebenzisa umshini wezindwangu—noma uhlela ukuqala omunye—ukotini kuseyindlela yakho ephephile. Hhayi ngoba kushibhile kakhulu (akuyona). Hhayi ngoba kulula kakhulu (ukwenziwa kwezinto kulula). Kodwa ngoba:
Isidingo sizinzile — ukusetshenziswa kukakotini kuye kwanda njalo ngeminyaka eyishumi iminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu
Ingqalasizinda ikhona — abahlinzeki bezintambo zikakotini, abadayi, nabaqedi — lonke uchungechunge seluvuthiwe
Imishini ifakazelwe — imishini eyindilinga neyi-interlock esebenzisa ukotini yiwona umkhiqizo oqondakala kahle kakhulu
ukusetha embonini
KwaMorton, sakha imishini elungiselelwe ngqo lezi zinto. Imishini yethu eyindilinga iphatha ukotini
ijezi elilodwa ngesivinini esiphezulu kanye nesikhathi esincane sokungasebenzi. Imishini yethu yokuxhumanisa ikhiqiza ukotini wekhwalithi ephezulu kanye nenhlanganisela kakotini
izindwangu ezincintisana kakhulu emakethe.
Sesikwenze isikhathi eside ngokwanele ukuze sazi ukuthi yini esebenzayo.
Ukotini awuzange ube yifayibha ethandwa kakhulu emhlabeni ngengozi.
Yakuthola. Ngokuhlanganisa izinzuzo zemvelo, ukusungula izinto ezintsha kwezimboni, kanye neqiniso lokuthi kwenza abantu bazizwe kahle uma beyigqoka.
Futhi uma usebhizinisini lokwenza indwangu kakotini?
Imishini oyikhethayo isawenza umehluko omkhulu.
I-MORTON — Izixazululo Zokuluka Ezithuthukisiwe