1. Ingxolo: Ingxaki
Akukho mntu ubeka isicwangciso somgangatho

Xa kufakelwa umatshini omtsha wokuluka, abantu baphikisana ngemigca yoomatshini, indawo yokugcina intambo, iindlela zokuhamba, neendawo zokulayisha. Ingxolo ayifiki kumzobo. Yimpazamo leyo.

Oomatshini abaqhelekileyo bokuluka abajikelezayo abasebenzisa iijezi ezingama-50 basebenza ixesha elide phakathi kwama-82 nama-92 dB(A). Loo nto ifana nendawo yokuma ecaleni kwendlela enkulu kangangeeyure ezisibhozo. Yenza imihla ngemihla ngaphandle kokhuseleko, kwaye ukulahlekelwa kukuva akubuyi. Ngaphezulu koko, ufumana abaqhubi abangavaniyo phezu koomatshini, iifowuni zesilumkiso eziphoswayo, kunye nomngcipheko wengozi onyuka ngokuzolileyo ngasemva.

Kwimizi-mveliso eTurkey, eUzbekistan, nakwezinye iindawo zokuthumela ii-hubs kwiimveliso zaseYurophu naseMelika, ukuthotyelwa kwengxolo kuye kwatshintsha ukusuka ekukhetheni ukuya ekunyanzelekeni. Iimpawu ngoku zijonga amanqanaba engxolo engqongileyo njengenxalenye yokuhlolwa kokuthobela imithetho yentlalo. Ukuba umgangatho wakho udlula i-85 dB(A) kwaye awunayo inkqubo yokugcinwa kwendlebe ebhaliweyo, lindela izicelo zokulungisa. Ii-odolo zimisiwe. Izivumelwano zirhoxisiwe. Abathengi abasaxoxisani ngale nto.

2. YintoniOomatshini Bokuluka AbajikelezayoVelisa Ngokwenyani

Ingxolo ephuma kwiUmatshini ojikelezayoayinamthombo mnye. Yingxubevange.

Ukusebenzisana kwe-needle-to-cam ngaphakathi kwendlela yesilinda kwenza i-40 ukuya kwi-50% yetotali iyonke. Ii-gear trains kunye ne-belt drives zongeza enye i-25 ukuya kwi-30%. Iirola zokususa ilaphu zinegalelo kwi-10 ukuya kwi-15%. Iifeni kunye nokupholisa iimoto kuzalisa okuseleyo.

Uluhlu lweefrikhwensi ekufuneka uzikhathalele yi-500 Hz ukuya kwi-4,000 Hz. Ngelishwa, yiloo bhendi kanye apho iindlebe zabantu zivakalelwa khona kakhulu.

Ijezi enyeUmatshini ojikelezayoEzisebenzisa i-28 ukuya kwi-30 RPM kunye nee-feeders ezili-102 zihlala zilinganisa i-84 ukuya kwi-90 dB(A) kwimitha enye ukusuka kwisilinda. Umatshini we-Interlock okanye iyunithi edibeneyo kabini isebenza ngaphezulu kwe-2 ukuya kwi-4 dB(A) — iinkqubo ze-dual cam kunye neendlela eziqinileyo zoomatshini. Oomatshini beJacquard abanokukhetha nge-elektroniki zezona ziphezulu kakhulu. Ezo actuators ze-solenoid zidubula ngokucofa okubukhali, okuphindaphindekayo ngexesha lotshintsho lweepateni olunokufikelela kwi-94 ukuya kwi-97 dB(A). Ungaziva zinqumla ingxolo yomgangatho ukusuka kulo lonke iholo.

Amanqanaba engxolo ngokohlobo lomatshini (ulinganiswe ngemitha e-1 ukusuka kwisilinda):

3. Imigaqo ye-OSHA kunye ne-EU: Yintoni Esebenzayo Kumgangatho Wakho

I-OSHA Standard 29 CFR 1910.95 (US)

I-OSHA imisela umda wokuvezwa ovumelekileyo kwi-90 dB(A) kumyinge wexesha leeyure ezisi-8. Basebenzisa izinga lokutshintshiselana le-5 dB, oko kuthetha ukuba yonke i-5 dB engaphezulu kwama-90 inciphisa ixesha lakho lokuvezwa elivumelekileyo ngesiqingatha. Kwi-95 dB(A) ufumana iiyure ezi-4. Kwi-100 dB(A), ziiyure ezi-2. Kwi-105, yiyure e-1. Kwi-115, ugqibile kwimizuzu eli-15.

Inqanaba lesenzo lifikelela kwi-85 dB(A) TWA. Wakuba uwele loo mgca, inkqubo epheleleyo yokulondolozwa kweendlebe iqala - uvavanyo lwe-audiometric lonyaka, ukhuseleko lokuva lubonelelwa, uqeqesho lwabasebenzi. Kwisixhobo sokuluka esisebenza ngamanqanaba ajikeleze i-88 dB(A), oko kuthetha ukuba wonke umntu osebenza kwiprogram ungena. Akunamsebenzi nokuba bathi ingxolo ayibakhathazi.

Umyalelo we-EU 2003/10/EC

I-EU ayidlali. Ixabiso eliphantsi lesenzo sokuvalelwa kwi-80 dB(A) — sele kufuneka unikezele ngokhuseleko lokuva kunye noqeqesho. Ixabiso eliphezulu lesenzo sokuvalelwa kwi-85 dB(A) — ukhuseleko luba yimfuneko kwaye uvavanyo lwe-audiometric luyaqala. Ixabiso elilinganiselweyo lokuvezwa kwi-87 dB(A), kwaye le ibangela ukuncitshiswa kwePPE. Awunakudlula i-87 dB(A) endlebeni, period.

Isalathiso esikhawulezileyo:

• I-OSHA PEL: 90 dB(A) TWA, 5 dB exchange
• Inqanaba leNtshukumo ye-OSHA: 85 dB(A) TWA — inkqubo yokulondolozwa kweendlebe iyafuneka
• Ixabiso le-EU Lower Action: 80 dB(A) — ukhuseleko, ulwazi, uqeqesho
• Ixabiso le-EU Upper Action: 85 dB(A) — ukhuseleko oluyimfuneko, uvavanyo
• Umda wokuvezwa kwi-EU: 87 dB(A) — isilingi esipheleleyo kuquka i-PPE
• Imida encopho: OSHA 140 dB(C), EU 137 dB(C) yengxolo yempembelelo

4. Ukhuseleko lokuva olusebenza ngokwenene kumgangatho wokuluka

Ukhuseleko lokuva luluhlu lokugqibela lokuzikhusela. Kwisitshizi, apho ungasoloko ulahla ingxolo yomthombo kangangoko ufuna, iba yinto ebalulekileyo yemihla ngemihla. Amanqaku ayahluka — i-NRR e-US, i-SNR kwi-EU — kodwa umgaqo uyafana.

5. Ulawulo Lobunjineli: Oko Unokuyitshintsha Kwinqanaba Lomatshini

KwiUmatshini ojikelezayongokwayo

Umatshini ojikelezayo okanye umatshini odibanisayo owakhiwe ngengxolo engqondweni ukususela ngomhla wokuqala uya kugqwesa lowo wafumana unyango lwengxolo njengengcinga elandelayo. Iingoma zekhamera ezisemgangathweni ezineeprofayili ze-needle-butt ezilungisiweyo zinciphisa ingxolo yempembelelo yoomatshini nge-2 ukuya kwi-4 dB(A) xa kuthelekiswa noyilo lwekhamera endala. Iigiya ze-Helical endaweni yeegiya ezisikiweyo ngokuthe tye zisika ingxolo ye-mesh yegiya nge-3 ukuya kwi-5 dB(A). Ii-Belt drives ngokuchasene nee-direct gear drives zicheba ezinye ii-2 ukuya kwi-3 dB(A) kwi-motor noise transmission. Iiphaneli zonogada besilinda ezinezixhobo zokudambisa zinciphisa ingxolo ekhutshwayo nge-3 ukuya kwi-6 dB(A). Kwaye ukugcina i-needle lubrication ivuliwe kunokukhupha i-1 ukuya kwi-2 dB(A) yengxolo yokungqubana engakhange ibonwe mntu ide iphele.

Kumgangatho wefektri

Iiphaneli zesilingi ze-acoustic (ubuncinci be-NRC 0.75) zinokuhlisa i-RT60 ukuya kwimizuzwana eyi-1.0-1.5 kwaye zithobe amanqanaba e-ambient nge-3 ukuya kwi-6 dB(A). Ukuxhoma ii-baffles phakathi kwemigca yomatshini kuyawaphula indlela yengxolo ethe ngqo. Oku kusebenza ngakumbi xa unemigca yee-Interlock Machines ezisebenzisa amalaphu axineneyo - ezo frequency ziphantsi zihamba ngqo emoyeni ovulekileyo.

6. Ukubekwa koomatshini: Musa ukubabeka kuluhlu nje

Gcina ubuncinane iimitha ezi-3.5 phakathi kwemiqolo yomatshini, ukusuka embindini ukuya embindini. Xa kuthelekiswa nesithuba esiqinileyo seemitha ezi-2.5, loo mitha eyongezelelweyo inciphisa ingxolo yomatshini onqamlezayo nge-2 ukuya kwi-4 dB(A). Beka izixhobo ezivakala kakhulu — iiJacquards, ii-Interlock Machines ezisebenzisa i-high-gauge — kwelinye icala leholo, zingasasazeki kumgangatho wonke. Ukuba nesandi esigcina amanqanaba omoya kunganyuki naphi na apho abaqhubi bakho bemi khona.

7. Ukwakha Umsebenzi Ozolileyo Kuqala Ngokuthengwa Komatshini

Kwi-MORTON — Advanced Knitting Solutions, ingxolo ayisiyonto icingelwayo emva kokuba umatshini uthunyelwe. I-Cam track geometry, iinkcukacha zegiya, ukulinganisela isilinda — ezi zinto zidityaniswa zibe yidizayini kwasekuqaleni. Imigca yethu ye-single jersey Circular Machine kunye ne-Interlock Machine zihlala zivelisa ingxolo kwicala elisezantsi loluhlu lweshishini, ngokuqhelekileyo i-84 ukuya kwi-90 dB(A) kuxhomekeke kuqwalaselo kunye ne-gauge.

Nantsi into uninzi lwabanini beefektri abayiqaphelayo sele kudlule ixesha: ukuchaza ukusebenza kwengxolo xa uthenga yeyona ndlela ingabizi kakhulu yokulawula ingxolo oya kuze uyithenge. Ukulungisa umgangatho onengxolo kubiza kakhulu kunokuthenga umatshini othuleyo ngaphambili. Ukuba ukhetha umthengisi, cela amanani e-decibel ngaphambi kokuba utyikitye. Ukuba abanakukunika impendulo ethe ngqo, yimpendulo leyo ngokwayo.

Imibuzo ebuzwa qho

Q: Sifanele silinganise kangaphi ingxolo phantsi?
Kanye ngonyaka, ubuncinci — ukubekwa esweni kwendawo kunye ne-dosimetry yomntu ngamnye kwisampulu yomqhubi omeleyo. Nanini na xa ufaka entshaOomatshini abajikelezayookanye uhlengahlengise uyilo, sebenzisa umlinganiselo omtsha ngoko nangoko. Musa ukulinda umjikelo wonyaka.

Q: Ngaba oomatshini abadala baya benomsindo ngakumbi ngokuhamba kwexesha?
Ewe. Ukuguguleka kwezixhobo kudla ngokongeza i-2 ukuya kwi-5 dB(A) kwiminyaka esi-8 ukuya kweli-10 yobomi. Ukugcinwa kokuthintela kwiindawo ezijikelezayo — iigiya, iibheringi, iitraki zekhamera — yinto ekuphela kwayo egcina umatshini omdala usondele kwinqanaba lawo lokuqala lengxolo.

Q: Ixabisa malini inkqubo yokulondoloza iindlebe?
Kwifektri enabasebenzi abali-100, thelekisa i-$3,000 ukuya kwi-$5,000 ngonyaka. Thelekisa loo nto nebango elinye lokulahlekelwa kukuva emsebenzini, eliphakathi kwe-$25,000 ukuya kwi-$40,000. Izibalo azinzima.

Q: Ukuba siphinda kabini inani loomatshini, ingaba ingxolo iphinda kabini?
Hayi. Ingxolo ilandela igophe le-logarithmic. Ukuphinda kabini ukusuka kwiimatshini ezingama-25 ukuya kwezingama-50 kwiholo ebonakalisa ukukhanya kongeza malunga ne-3 dB(A) kumanqanaba e-ambient. Uyilo kunye ne-acoustics zinokutshintsha elo nani, kodwa ngumthetho oqhelekileyo.

Q: Ngaba umgangatho wokugcinwa uyayichaphazela ingxolo?
Ngokuqinisekileyo. Oomatshini abadlula iiyure ezingama-200 zokusebenza phakathi kwemijikelo yokuthambisa baya kusebenza ngamandla aphezulu nge-1.5 ukuya kwi-3 dB(A). Iilatshi zeenaliti ezigugileyo zenza ukucofa kwesinyithi okuhlala kwi-2 ukuya kwi-4 dB ngaphezu kwesiseko. Umgangatho ozolileyo uqala ngeshedyuli yokulungisa ecwangcisiweyo.

I-MORTON — Izisombululo zokuluka eziPhambili